Domestic dogs in the pastoralist communities of Monduli District encounter numerous welfare challenges, exacerbated by uncontrolled interactions between domestic dogs and wildlife in areas bordering Tarangire National Park, increasing the risk of disease transmission. Additionally, limited access to veterinary services and misconceptions about proper dog care contribute to a reliance on traditional remedies rather than professional veterinary treatment. While most dog welfare research in Tanzania focuses on urban areas, there is little exploration of rural, agro-pastoral contexts such as Monduli District, where animal welfare remains a significant concern.

This study seeks to evaluate the welfare challenges faced by dogs in communities adjacent to wildlife conservation areas in Monduli District, Tanzania. Specifically, it aims to determine the prevalence of welfare issues among domestic dogs in these communities, identify the primary challenges affecting their well-being, and examine the socioeconomic and cultural factors contributing to poor dog welfare in the region. The findings will help bridge this knowledge gap by providing localized data on the specific welfare issues affecting dogs in Monduli.

By gaining a deeper understanding of the unique needs and challenges in these communities, this research will support the development of targeted interventions to enhance dog welfare and promote healthier human-animal relationships. The study is essential as it aligns with broader animal welfare improvement efforts, focusing on the well-being of domestic dogs in Monduli District. Additionally, it will identify and document key welfare challenges, highlight associated risk factors, and offer practical recommendations to improve the health and quality of life of domestic dogs in the region